====== Working Group Breakout Topics ====== This page is intended to help organize the breakout sessions. There are 3 primary categories, each with several subtopics. Note that there is natural overlap among the categories, and that cross-collaboration is encouraged. There are two breakout sessions on Thursday and Friday afternoons and a combined session on Saturday intended for integration: - Mar 20 (Thu) 3:30-6:00 pm → //Identify topics and tasks// - Mar 21 (Fri) 4:00-6:00 pm → //Prioritize topics and plan future work// - Mar 22 (Sat) 10:30 am - 12:00 pm → //Integration into proposals, Consortium planning, and new integrative initiatives// ===== Simulation (Comitium) ===== //coordinator: Anthony Villano// __Specialized Detector Physics Simulation__ (//Thu 3:30 - 5:00 pm//) How can specialized models be incorporated into simulation packages systematically, how can different detector packages be cross-compared systematically and continuously for new versions to be sure models behave correctly and new data is incorporated properly. * specialized detector physics * specific benchmarking with specialized geometry (e.g. Geant4/FLUKA comparison) * microscopic data for vetting specialized detector physics __Cross-Collaboration with Neutron Benchmarking__ (//Thu 5:00 - 6:00 pm//) Identify the data which exists and where they can constrain the understanding of backgrounds. Specifically focus on exactly how some data sets can be used to constrain cosmogenic simulations. * useful experimental datasets * Gran Sasso (LVD, Borexino) * Soudan (LBCF, MINOS, Soudan 2) * CERN (HE muon spallation) * simulation physics constraint schemes * Beam measurements -- directly measure cross spallation cross sections * Cavern measurements (delayed n's w/o energy) * Cavern measurements (prompt n's w/o energy) * Cavern measurements (prompt n's w/ energy) __Simulation Codes__ (//Fri 4:00 - 5:00 pm//) Review of the existing packages for simulation and what processes exist and what the models are to add processes. * simulation packages for low background physics (Geant4, FLUKA, MCNP) * processes in each simulation package - model for adding to each package - relevant processes which exist in each package - specific models used by all these processes -- and for different versions of the packages __Cross-collaboration with Radiogenics__ (//Fri 5:00 - 6:00 pm//) * cross sections data for microscopic (e.g. (alpha,n)) events * specific small scale cross section data (e.g. (alpha,n)) ---- ===== Radiogenics - One East (Natural Radioactivity in Shielding Materials and Detectors) ===== //coordinators: Jodi Cooley and Chao Zhang// //secretary: Silvia Scorza & Jeter Hall// //minutes:// {{:meeting7:2014_aarm_radiogenics_breakout.docx|docx}} __Assays__ //Thu 3:30 - 4:30 pm// * Community Assays Database * SNOLAB involvement * Historical and current data entry * Facilities, access and needs (review of what has been done) * SNOWMASS 2013 report on assay needs [[http://arxiv.org/abs/1311.3311|(arXiv:1311.3311)]] [[http://www.snowmass2013.org/tiki-index.php?page=materials+details|(raw data)]] * SNOWMASS 2013 data collected on world wide facilities [[https://zzz.physics.umn.edu/lowrad/consortium|(wiki)]] * New Detector Developments? * Beta Cage * XIA Alpha Counter for surface events * Others? __Background Reduction__ //Thu 4:30 - 5:30 pm// * Radon abatement * Radon plate-out and diffusion studies * L. Pattavina, LRT 2013 - {{:meeting7:pattavina_lrt2013.pdf|pdf}} * E.W. Hoppe et. al, NIM A 79 (2007) 486–489_ - {{:meeting7:coppercleaningandpassivation.pdf| pdf}} * V. E. Guiseppe et. al, LRT 2010 [[http://arxiv.org/pdf/1101.0126v1.pdf|arXiv:11.0126v1.pdf]] * R. Rau, LRT 2010 [[https://confluence.slac.stanford.edu/download/attachments/130877360/APC000164.pdf?version=1&modificationDate=1350486409000&api=v2|APC000164.pdf]] * C. Cosma, NIM B 179 (2001) 255-261 {{:meeting7:689796.pdf| pdf}} * Radon reduction systems * R.W. Schnee, swing system -[[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4818089|http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4818089]] * Cleaning and Handling * Review of techniques used * [[http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/proceeding/aipcp/1549/|LRT 2013 Conference Proceedings]] * Recommendations of best techniques * Purification Techniques (cryogens, water, scintillator, noble liquids) __Calculations__ //Fri 4:00 - 5:00// * SOURCES and USD alpha-n and fission neutron calculations * Silvia gave state of comparisons during plenary. * Other issues that should be resolved? * USD Website of spectra available here. * Should we create a database of spectra calculated by SOURCES4? * Demo of mySQL database for this purpose. * Should/Can we facilitate sharing of code used by counting facilities (.i.e. HPGe counters, etc) __Cross Collaboration with Simulation Working Group__ //Fri 5:00 - 6:00 pm// * Nuclear cross sections and new experiments to improve nuclear data * Cross sections data for microscopic (e.g. (alpha,n)) events * Specific small scale cross section data (e.g. (alpha,n)) * Studies of non-equilibrium decay * Neutron capture in materials * Implement physics model into GEANT4 ---- ===== Benchmarking (Curia II) ===== //coordinator: Ray Bunker// __Measurements__ — //Thu 3:30-4:30 pm// * **Where are we now?** (//i.e.//, which neutron- and muon-related backgrounds are well measured?) * Muon-induced neutrons — summary papers: * //Muon-Induced Background Study for Underground Laboratories// * Mei & Hime, PRD **73** (2006) 053004 — [[http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512125|arXiv:astro-ph/0512125]] * //Muon-Induced neutron production and detection with Geant4 and FLUKA// * Araujo //et al.//, NIM **A545** (2005) 398 — [[http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ex/0411026|arXiv:hep-ex/0411026]] * Also, Kudryavtsev //et al.//, NIM **A505** (2004) 688 — [[http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ex/0303007|arXiv:hep-ex/0303007]] * Also, Kudryavtsev //et al.//, Eur Phys. J. **A36** (2008) 171 — [[http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:0802.3566|arXiv:0802.3566]] * //Predicting Neutron Production from Cosmic-ray Muons// * Wang //et al.//, PRD **64** (2001) 013012 — [[http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ex/0101049|arXiv:hep-ex/0101049]] * Detector-specific measurements: * //Production of Radioactive Isotopes through Cosmic Muon Spallation in KamLAND// * KamLAND — S. Abe //et al.//, PRC **81** (2010) 025807 — [[http://arxiv.org/abs/0907.0066|arXiv:0907.0066]] * Also, Galbiati & Beacom, PRC **72** (2005) 025807 — [[http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0504227|arXiv:hep-ph/0504227]] * //A detection system to measure muon-induced neutrons for direct Dark Matter searches// * Modaine — Kozlov //et al.//, Astropart. Phys. **34** (2010) 97 — [[http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:1006.3098|arXiv:1006.3098]] * //Measurement and simulation of the muon-induced neutron yield in lead// * Zeplin III — Reichhart //et al.//, Astropart. Phys. **47** (2013) 67 — [[http://arxiv.org/abs/1302.4275|arXiv:1302.4275v2]] * //Cosmogenic Background in Borexino at 3800 m water-equivalent depth// * Borexino — Bellini //et al.//, JCAP **1308** (2013) 049 — [[http://arxiv.org/abs/1304.7381|arXiv:1304.7381]] * //Measurement of the muon-induced neutron yield in liquid scintillator and stainless steel at LNGS with the LVD experiment// * LVD — Persiani //et al.//, AIP Conf. Proc. **1549** (2013) 235 — [[http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/proceeding/aipcp/10.1063/1.4818116|LRT 2013]] * Spallation-source measurements: * //Investigations of fast neutron production by high energy muon interactions on different targets// * Chazal //et al.//, [[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9474(99)00738-1|Nucl. Phys. A663 (2000) 885]] * //Validation of spallation neutron production and propagation within Geant4// * Marino //et al.//, NIM **A582** (2007) 611 — [[http://arxiv.org/abs/arXiv:0708.0848|arXiv:0708.0848]] * Others? * Organization of measurements, publications, and constraints? * **What remains to be done?** (//i.e.//, which backgrounds are still poorly constrained?) * High-energy neutron flux & energy spectrum //vs.// depth * Which production processes are least well constrained? * Topology with respect to parent muon/shower * Background from muon bundles * Long-lived isotopes from muon spallation & stopping muons * Radiogenic benchmarking * Others? __Data - Part I__ — //Thu 4:30-5 pm// * **Existing data sets — can new measurements be made with existing data?** * LVD, Borexino and other large-volume detectors __Cross-collaboration with Simulation__ — //Thu 5-6 pm// __Data - Part II__ — //Fri 4-4:30 pm// * **Near-term expected data — what can/will we do with data from current experiments?** * NMM, FaNS, Watchman, USD detector, others? __Detector Technology__ — //Fri 4:30-6 pm// * **Pros & cons of different neutron-detection technologies** * //e.g.//, liquid scintillator //vs.// water; Gd //vs.// Li //vs.// B doping, modular //vs.// monolithic, //etc.// * **Design/proposal of next-generation neutron detector/facility for underground measurements** * Also, neutron-veto design & prototyping * **Funding for underground benchmarking in general** ====== Purpose of AARM ====== ===== Coordination of Background Identification and Reduction ===== // Prisca Cushman (3/18/2014) // ==== Note that this outline is not organized with respect to the breakout session titles. Instead, it is organized by type of background and by AARM integration jobs.==== __Natural Radioactivity in Shielding Materials and Detectors__ * Simulation * Codes and frameworks * General Physics models and processes * Advances in specific detector physics (e.g. noble liquids, or photon physics) * Nuclear cross sections and new experiments to improve nuclear data * Databases (e.g. alpha-n etc) * Assay * Assay techniques and advances * Facilities and access * Materials database (incl. identification of vendors) * Background Reduction * Radon abatement * Cleaning and Handling * Purification Techniques (cryogens, water, scintillator, noble liquids) __Cosmogenic Effects__ * Muon distributions * Parameterization and physics * Site-specific distributions, MUSUN * Cosmic Ray physics: bundles and modulation effects * Muon-induced neutrons * Simulation * neutron yield and physics models (FLUKA v GEANT4) * multiplicity, depth study * Benchmarking * Experiments that allow comparison * Simulation of those experiments * Cosmogenic Activation * Nuclear physics and experimental confirmation * Material storage underground __Organization and Shared Resources__ * Shared User Facilities for screening * Populating and regulating the Materials Database * Simulation tools * Creating a community for shared resources and information - future of AARM